Sovietic Flying Submarine, Flying Submarine

Flying Submarine



In the mid-1930s, the Soviet Union began the creation of a powerful navy, which involves the construction of battleships, aircraft carriers and ships of other types. It stimulated the emergence of fundamentally new and unusual technical and tactical decisions, namely, proposed the idea of ​​creating the device, which would unite the properties of the submarine and aircraft. Soon there and want to introduce this concept.

One of them was a cadet VMIU them. Dzerzhinsky Boris Ushakov, who in 1934 presented the schematic design a flying submarine. The idea of ​​Ushakov, oddly enough, was recognized as the interesting and one that certainly deserves to sell. And in July 1936 preliminary design of a flying submarine seen at the Research Committee of the military, where he received generally positive reviews. What is this project?

Flying submarine designed to destroy enemy ships on the high seas and waters of the naval bases, protected by minefields and booms. Low speed and limited cruising range under water were not an obstacle because of the lack of goals in a given area of ​​operations the submarine itself could find the enemy. Having determined the course of the enemy from the air ship, flying submarine to land out of sight, which excluded the visibility of its early detection, and sank to the course line warship. Before the advent of purpose at the point of attack flying submarine remained at depth in a stable position. In the case of a possible deviation from the course line of the enemy submarine was a rapprochement with the ship, but with a significant deviation of target flying submarine missed it over the horizon, and then popped up, and flew again preparing to attack.

The possibility of re-entry to the target submarine was regarded as one of the significant advantages of underwater torpedo air over traditional submarines. Especially effective action should have been flying submarines in the group, since theoretically three such apparatus in the way of creating an impenetrable barrier width of the enemy about nine miles.

In the evening or night flying submarine could enter the harbor and the ports of the enemy, submerged, and the day to observe, bearing the secret channels and on occasion to make an attack. The design of a flying submarine has six self-contained compartments, three of which were aircraft engines with a capacity of 1000 liters. with. each. The fourth compartment housing for up to a team of three people. Hence, also conducted control warship under water. In the fifth compartment was placed a battery, in the sixth - the motor capacity of 10 liters. with. A powerful body of the submarine was a cylindrical riveted construction with diameters of 1.4 m made of aluminum alloy, 6 mm thick. In addition to powerful sections, the submarine was an easy cockpit wet type, which was filled with water when submerged. At the same flight accessories battened down in a special pit.

Lining of wings and tail feathers of the boat was supposed to perform in steel and floats - made of aluminum. These design elements were not designed for high external pressure, because when submerged filled with sea water, which flows by gravity through the scuppers (holes for water drainage). Fuel and oil were stored in special rubber tanks, which were placed in the center section. Torpedoes were under the wing in special holders. The design payload of a flying submarine was 44.5 per cent of the total mass of the flight apparatus, that it was common for heavy-duty vehicles.

During the dive line water cooling systems of aircraft engines overlap, which excluded their damage under the pressure of seawater. To prevent corrosion of the shell was assumed to cover and paint his skin. The process of immersion of the submarine included four phases: zadraivanie engine compartments, the overlap of water in the radiators, switching control to an underwater mode, the transition from the cabin crew in the living compartment (central control).

However, after a review of the project in a department of the Research Committee of the war the idea of ​​creating a flying submarine finally abandoned. The vision of Boris Ushakov was never implemented, but the current military experts have been actively developing projects similar to the characteristics of tactical vehicles such as aircraft carriers and submarines unmanned air and underwater vehicles.

Specifications of air underwater torpedo:
Take-off weight - 15 tons;
Range - 800 km;
Ceiling - 2500 m;
Speed ​​- 100 knots;
The speed of the submarine - 2-3 knots;
Immersion depth - 45 m;
Dive time - 1.5 min.
The duration of the ascent - 2 min.
Underwater range - 6 miles;
Surface range - 500 miles;
Crew - 3 people;
Armament:
457 mm torpedoes - 2;
Guns - 2X2;